Speaking of Salzburg - the Sound of Music locations are kind of hard to avoid! That fountain thingy with the horses on it, the Mirabel Gardens. Salzburg old town is very compact, so you're always being confronted with things you recognise.
Also, not too far out of town is Hitler's "Eagle's Nest" (Kehlsteinhaus) on top of a mountain and reachable by mountain-bus and elevator. Definitely worth going out to that, probably a day-trip if you don't have a car.
Just saying.